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Laws Against Underage Drinking by Minors

Laws reducing the legal BAG for youth can be strengthened by imposing administrative license revocation for drivers who are arrested with any measurable BAG. A substantial body of research supports the effectiveness of both administrative adjudication and license revocation in reducing crashes among drivers of all ages.

The Safety Board believes that States should enact comprehensive alcohol purchase laws to prohibit the purchase, the attempt to purchase, public possession, and public consumption of alcohol by minors, and should prohibit the misrepresentation of age and use of false identification by minors to purchase alcohol.

The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 (NMDA) while including provisions prohibiting the purchase and public Possession of alcohol, resulted in a uniform national age for the sale of alcohol to minors. But, five States and the District of Columbia do not prohibit the purchase of alcohol by minors. The District of Columbia also does not prohibit the public possession of alcohol by minors. Notwithstanding the law’s purchase and public possession provisions, these six States and the District of Columbia were certified by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) as being in compliance with the act. In addition, 35 States allow one or more exceptions to possession of alcohol by minors.

Once an underage person obtains alcohol, many States have unusual provisions related to consumption or otherwise do not prohibit consumption. For example, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island prohibit minors from consuming alcohol in licensed establishments, apparently permitting consumption at other public locations.

Most State laws appear to place responsibility for underage drinking on the seller of alcohol, but not on the underage purchasers who also should be responsible for their actions. Current laws misplace responsibility, send a mixed message to youth, and impede enforcement. With such deficiencies, it is no surprise that alcohol is readily available to minors and that, as a consequence, alcohol-related crashes involving drivers under age 21 continue to occur.

To maximize the lives saved from the establishment of a minimum drinking age, it is essential to reduce alcohol availability and traffic fatalities, improve State minimum drinking age laws, and enforce these laws.

The Safety Board believes that the District of Columbia and the States should enact comprehensive laws to prohibit the attempt by minors to purchase alcohol or the purchase of alcohol by minors, the public possession of alcohol by minors, public consumption of alcohol by minors, and the misrepresentation of age and use of false identification by minors to purchase alcohol. Uniform laws may also help to reduce travel by underage persons to States with more permissive laws.

About the Author

Sammy Beanard has researched and written about many driving related issues. To see more of his writing, visit his article about License Plate Lookup.

Underage Drinking: A Problem as BIG as Texas Part 1

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Electroshock and Minors: A FiftyYear Review $145.82 In an attempt to explore the explanations why psychiatrists continue to use electroshock with minors already at risk from damage, this text investigates reasons why electroshock remains popular, despite the widespread availability of proven psychosocial alternatives. The text locates all of the literature since the 1940s about the use of electroshock with minors from three years of age through adolescence. Since the introduction of shock with children and teenagers, the province of psychiatry has been expanded to include minors as young as three. A fiftyyear overview of shock use by psychiatrists with minors is provided, with an analysis of reasons for its popularity among some medical staff. The review includes results from a metaanalysis study that reports data from over 200 previously published clinical cases. These results indicate that there is no clinical rationale for the use of shock with children and teenagers. Moreover, there are many reasons not to give shock, including ethical, philosophical, moral, and humanistic objections. The continued use of electroshock by psychiatrists persists only due to the clinical independence of medical staff. There are no controlled evaluations, no randomized controlled trials, no controlled clinical trials, and no single case studies that report outcome data from electroshock given under scientific conditions to minors. Rather, the entire published literature is based on anecdotal reports from uncontrolled interventions. The text explores the ethical position of mental health staff who are in the same arena. Alternatives to electroshock are explored in the context of services for children and teenagers with mental health needs. Author: Baldwin, Steve/ Oxlad, Melissa Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 176 Publication Date: 2000/07/30 Language: English Dimensions: 9.60 x 6.36 x 0.71 inches

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National Youth Rights Association $55.2 New – The National Youth Rights Association, or NYRA, is the largest youth-led civil rights organization in the United States promoting youth rights, with approximately ten thousand members. NYRA proposes lessening and removing various legal restrictions that are imposed on young people but not adults, for example, the voting age, drinking age, curfews and mandatory school attendance; and other issues like emancipation of minors and easier process of adoption to other families. NYRA also favors